I know that magnet fields affect the operation of certain devices such as a cathode ray tube TV screen, analog multimeters, reading heads, and so on. Do these fields also affect other components such as transistors and integrated circuits?
Magnetic fields usually only affect devices that have in their principle of operation the use of magnetic fields such as coil transducers, TRCs, diskettes, etc. In the case of integrated circuits there is no danger, as these devices support the presence of fields well. Thus, a solid state memory cannot be erased by a magnet such as a pen driver.
